There are many ways to invest, but most fall into a few simple buckets:
Stocks
You own a small piece of a company. If the company grows and earns more, your investment can grow.
Bonds
You lend money to a company or government. They pay you interest and return your money later. More stable, usually slower growth.
Funds (ETFs & Mutual Funds)
One investment that owns many stocks or bonds. This spreads risk and makes investing easier.
Real Estate
You invest in property or real-estate funds. Income can come from rent and long-term value growth.
Cash & Cash-like investments
Savings accounts or money market funds. Very safe, but usually grow the least.